homebrew | 镜像站使用帮助 | 清华大学开源软件镜像站

选择帮助条目:

Homebrew / Linuxbrew 镜像使用帮助

注：该镜像是 Homebrew / Linuxbrew 源程序以及 formula / cask 索引的镜像（即 brew update 时所更新内容）。本镜像站同时提供相应的二进制预编译包的镜像，请参考 Homebrew bottles 镜像使用帮助

本站提供了 https://github.com/Homebrew 组织下的以下 repo：brew, homebrew-core, homebrew-cask, homebrew-cask-fonts, homebrew-cask-drivers, homebrew-cask-versions, homebrew-command-not-found, install。

首次安装 Homebrew / Linuxbrew

首先，需要确保系统中安装了 bash、git 和 curl，对于 macOS 用户需额外要求安装 Command Line Tools (CLT) for Xcode。

对于 macOS 用户，系统自带 bash、git 和 curl，在命令行输入 xcode-select --install 安装 CLT for Xcode 即可。
对于 Linux 用户，系统自带 bash，仅需额外安装 git 和 curl。

接着，在终端输入以下几行命令设置环境变量：

export HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/brew.git"
export HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git"
export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles"

最后，在终端运行以下命令以安装 Homebrew / Linuxbrew：

# 从本镜像下载安装脚本并安装 Homebrew / Linuxbrew
git clone --depth=1 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/install.git brew-install
/bin/bash brew-install/install.sh
rm -rf brew-install

# 也可从 GitHub 获取官方安装脚本安装 Homebrew / Linuxbrew
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://github.com/Homebrew/install/raw/master/install.sh)"

这样在首次安装的时候也可以使用镜像。更多信息请参考 Homebrew 官方安装文档。

* 安装成功后需将 brew 程序的相关路径加入到环境变量中：

以下针对基于 Apple Silicon CPU 设备上的 macOS 系统（命令行运行 uname -m 应输出 arm64）上的 Homebrew：
```
test -r ~/.bash_profile && echo 'eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"' >> ~/.bash_profile
test -r ~/.zprofile && echo 'eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"' >> ~/.zprofile
```
对基于 Intel CPU 设备上的 macOS 系统（命令行运行 uname -m 应输出 x86_64）的用户可跳过本步。

以下针对 Linux 系统上的 Linuxbrew：

test -d ~/.linuxbrew && eval "$(~/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv)"
test -d /home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew && eval "$(/home/linuxbrew/.linuxbrew/bin/brew shellenv)"
test -r ~/.bash_profile && echo "eval \"\$($(brew --prefix)/bin/brew shellenv)\"" >> ~/.bash_profile
test -r ~/.profile && echo "eval \"\$($(brew --prefix)/bin/brew shellenv)\"" >> ~/.profile
test -r ~/.zprofile && echo "eval \"\$($(brew --prefix)/bin/brew shellenv)\"" >> ~/.zprofile

参考了 https://docs.brew.sh/Homebrew-on-Linux。

替换现有仓库上游

替换 brew 程序本身的源，Homebrew / Linuxbrew 相同：

export HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/brew.git"
brew update

以下针对 macOS 系统上的 Homebrew：

# 手动设置
export HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git"
brew tap --custom-remote --force-auto-update homebrew/core https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git
brew tap --custom-remote --force-auto-update homebrew/cask https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-cask.git
brew tap --custom-remote --force-auto-update homebrew/cask-fonts https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-cask-fonts.git
brew tap --custom-remote --force-auto-update homebrew/cask-drivers https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-cask-drivers.git
brew tap --custom-remote --force-auto-update homebrew/cask-versions https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-cask-versions.git
brew tap --custom-remote --force-auto-update homebrew/command-not-found https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-command-not-found.git
brew update

# 或使用下面的几行命令自动设置
export HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git"
for tap in core cask{,-fonts,-drivers,-versions} command-not-found; do
    brew tap --custom-remote --force-auto-update "homebrew/${tap}" "https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-${tap}.git"
done
brew update

以下针对 Linux 系统上的 Linuxbrew：

export HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git"
brew tap --custom-remote --force-auto-update homebrew/core https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git
brew tap --custom-remote --force-auto-update homebrew/command-not-found https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-command-not-found.git
brew update

注：如果用户设置了环境变量 HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE 和 HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE，则每次执行 brew update 时，brew 程序本身和 Core Tap (homebrew-core) 的远程将被自动设置。推荐用户将这两个环境变量设置加入 shell 的 profile 设置中。

test -r ~/.bash_profile && echo 'export HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/brew.git"' >> ~/.bash_profile  # bash
test -r ~/.bash_profile && echo 'export HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git"' >> ~/.bash_profile
test -r ~/.profile && echo 'export HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/brew.git"' >> ~/.profile
test -r ~/.profile && echo 'export HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git"' >> ~/.profile

test -r ~/.zprofile && echo 'export HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/brew.git"' >> ~/.zprofile  # zsh
test -r ~/.zprofile && echo 'export HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git"' >> ~/.zprofile

镜像迁移说明：Linuxbrew 核心仓库（linuxbrew-core）自 2021 年 10 月 25 日（brew 版本 3.3.0 起）被弃用，Linuxbrew 用户应迁移至 homebrew-core。Linuxbrew 用户请依新版镜像说明重新设置镜像。注意迁移前请先运行 brew update 将 brew 更新至 3.3.0 或以上版本。迁移过程中若出现任何问题，可使用如下命令重新安装 homebrew-core：

export HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE="https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git"
rm -rf "$(brew --repo homebrew/core)"
brew tap --custom-remote --force-auto-update homebrew/core https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/git/homebrew/homebrew-core.git

复原仓库上游

(感谢 Snowonion Lee 提供说明)

# brew 程序本身，Homebrew / Linuxbrew 相同
unset HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE
git -C "$(brew --repo)" remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/brew

# 以下针对 macOS 系统上的 Homebrew
unset HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE
BREW_TAPS="$(BREW_TAPS="$(brew tap 2>/dev/null)"; echo -n "${BREW_TAPS//$'\n'/:}")"
for tap in core cask{,-fonts,-drivers,-versions} command-not-found; do
    if [[ ":${BREW_TAPS}:" == *":homebrew/${tap}:"* ]]; then  # 只复原已安装的 Tap
        brew tap --custom-remote "homebrew/${tap}" "https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-${tap}"
    fi
done

# 以下针对 Linux 系统上的 Linuxbrew
unset HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE
brew tap --custom-remote homebrew/core https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core
brew tap --custom-remote homebrew/command-not-found https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-command-not-found

# 重新拉取远程
brew update

注：重置回默认远程后，用户应该删除 shell 的 profile 设置中的环境变量 HOMEBREW_BREW_GIT_REMOTE 和 HOMEBREW_CORE_GIT_REMOTE 以免运行 brew update 时远程再次被更换。