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graphics/gravity_sim.cpp
/*******************************************************
* Copyright (c) 2014, ArrayFire
* All rights reserved.
*
* This file is distributed under 3-clause BSD license.
* The complete license agreement can be obtained at:
* http://arrayfire.com/licenses/BSD-3-Clause
********************************************************/
#include <arrayfire.h>
#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include "gravity_sim_init.h"
using namespace af;
using namespace std;
static const bool is3D = true;
const static int total_particles = 4000;
static const int reset = 3000;
static const float min_dist = 3;
static const int width = 768, height = 768, depth = 768;
static const int gravity_constant = 20000;
float mass_range = 0;
float min_mass = 0;
void initial_conditions_rand(af::array &mass, vector<af::array> &pos,
vector<af::array> &vels,
vector<af::array> &forces) {
for (int i = 0; i < (int)pos.size(); ++i) {
pos[i] = af::randn(total_particles) * width + width;
vels[i] = 0 * af::randu(total_particles) - 0.5;
forces[i] = af::constant(0, total_particles);
}
mass = af::constant(gravity_constant, total_particles);
}
void initial_conditions_galaxy(af::array &mass, vector<af::array> &pos,
vector<af::array> &vels,
vector<af::array> &forces) {
af::array initial_cond_consts(af::dim4(7, total_particles), hbd);
initial_cond_consts = initial_cond_consts.T();
for (int i = 0; i < (int)pos.size(); ++i) {
pos[i] = af::randn(total_particles) * width + width;
vels[i] = 0 * (af::randu(total_particles) - 0.5);
forces[i] = af::constant(0, total_particles);
}
mass = initial_cond_consts(span, 0);
pos[0] = (initial_cond_consts(span, 1) / 32 + 0.6) * width;
pos[1] = (initial_cond_consts(span, 2) / 32 + 0.3) * height;
pos[2] = (initial_cond_consts(span, 3) / 32 + 0.5) * depth;
vels[0] = (initial_cond_consts(span, 4) / 32) * width;
vels[1] = (initial_cond_consts(span, 5) / 32) * height;
vels[2] = (initial_cond_consts(span, 6) / 32) * depth;
pos[0](seq(0, pos[0].dims(0) - 1, 2)) -= 0.4 * width;
pos[1](seq(0, pos[0].dims(0) - 1, 2)) += 0.4 * height;
vels[0](seq(0, pos[0].dims(0) - 1, 2)) += 4;
min_mass = min<float>(mass);
mass_range = max<float>(mass) - min<float>(mass);
}
af::array ids_from_pos(vector<af::array> &pos) {
return (pos[0].as(u32) * height) + pos[1].as(u32);
}
af::array ids_from_3D(vector<af::array> &pos, float Rx, float Ry, float Rz) {
af::array x0 = (pos[0] - width / 2);
af::array y0 =
(pos[1] - height / 2) * cos(Rx) + (pos[2] - depth / 2) * sin(Rx);
af::array z0 =
(pos[2] - depth / 2) * cos(Rx) - (pos[2] - depth / 2) * sin(Rx);
af::array x1 = x0 * cos(Ry) - z0 * sin(Ry);
af::array y1 = y0;
af::array x2 = x1 * cos(Rz) + y1 * sin(Rz);
af::array y2 = y1 * cos(Rz) - x1 * sin(Rz);
x2 += width / 2;
y2 += height / 2;
return (x2.as(u32) * height) + y2.as(u32);
}
af::array ids_from_3D(vector<af::array> &pos, float Rx, float Ry, float Rz,
af::array filter) {
af::array x0 = (pos[0](filter) - width / 2);
af::array y0 = (pos[1](filter) - height / 2) * cos(Rx) +
(pos[2](filter) - depth / 2) * sin(Rx);
af::array z0 = (pos[2](filter) - depth / 2) * cos(Rx) -
(pos[2](filter) - depth / 2) * sin(Rx);
af::array x1 = x0 * cos(Ry) - z0 * sin(Ry);
af::array y1 = y0;
af::array x2 = x1 * cos(Rz) + y1 * sin(Rz);
af::array y2 = y1 * cos(Rz) - x1 * sin(Rz);
x2 += width / 2;
y2 += height / 2;
return (x2.as(u32) * height) + y2.as(u32);
}
void simulate(af::array &mass, vector<af::array> &pos, vector<af::array> &vels,
vector<af::array> &forces, float dt) {
for (int i = 0; i < (int)pos.size(); ++i) {
pos[i] += vels[i] * dt;
pos[i].eval();
}
// calculate forces to each particle
vector<af::array> diff(pos.size());
af::array dist = af::constant(0, pos[0].dims(0), pos[0].dims(0));
for (int i = 0; i < (int)pos.size(); ++i) {
diff[i] = tile(pos[i], 1, pos[i].dims(0)) -
transpose(tile(pos[i], 1, pos[i].dims(0)));
dist += (diff[i] * diff[i]);
}
dist = sqrt(dist);
dist = af::max(min_dist, dist);
dist *= dist * dist;
for (int i = 0; i < (int)pos.size(); ++i) {
// calculate force vectors
forces[i] = diff[i] / dist;
forces[i].eval();
// af::array idx = af::where(af::isNaN(forces[i]));
// if(idx.elements() > 0)
// forces[i](idx) = 0;
// forces[i] = sum(forces[i]).T();
forces[i] = matmul(forces[i].T(), mass);
// update force scaled to time, magnitude constant
forces[i] *= (gravity_constant);
forces[i].eval();
// update velocities from forces
vels[i] += forces[i] * dt;
vels[i].eval();
// noise
// forces[i] += 0.1 * af::randn(forces[i].dims(0));
// dampening
// vels[i] *= 1 - (0.005*dt);
}
}
void collisions(vector<af::array> &pos, vector<af::array> &vels, bool is3D) {
// clamp particles inside screen border
af::array invalid_x = -2 * (pos[0] > width - 1 || pos[0] < 0) + 1;
af::array invalid_y = -2 * (pos[1] > height - 1 || pos[1] < 0) + 1;
// af::array invalid_x = (pos[0] < width-1 || pos[0] > 0);
// af::array invalid_y = (pos[1] < height-1 || pos[1] > 0);
vels[0] = invalid_x * vels[0];
vels[1] = invalid_y * vels[1];
af::array projected_px = min(width - 1, max(0, pos[0]));
af::array projected_py = min(height - 1, max(0, pos[1]));
pos[0] = projected_px;
pos[1] = projected_py;
if (is3D) {
af::array invalid_z = -2 * (pos[2] > depth - 1 || pos[2] < 0) + 1;
vels[2] = invalid_z * vels[2];
af::array projected_pz = min(depth - 1, max(0, pos[2]));
pos[2] = projected_pz;
}
}
int main(int, char **) {
try {
af::info();
af::Window myWindow(width, height,
"Gravity Simulation using ArrayFire");
myWindow.setColorMap(AF_COLORMAP_HEAT);
int frame_count = 0;
// Initialize the kernel array just once
const af::array draw_kernel = gaussianKernel(7, 7);
const int dims = (is3D) ? 3 : 2;
vector<af::array> pos(dims);
vector<af::array> vels(dims);
vector<af::array> forces(dims);
af::array mass;
// Generate a random starting state
initial_conditions_galaxy(mass, pos, vels, forces);
af::array image = af::constant(0, width, height);
af::array ids(total_particles, u32);
af::timer timer = af::timer::start();
while (!myWindow.close()) {
float dt = af::timer::stop(timer);
timer = af::timer::start();
af::array mid = mass(span) > (min_mass + mass_range / 3);
ids = (is3D) ? ids_from_3D(pos, 0, 0 + frame_count / 150.f, 0, mid)
: ids_from_pos(pos);
// ids = (is3D)? ids_from_3D(pos, 0, 0, 0, mid) : ids_from_pos(pos);
// //uncomment for no 3d rotation
image(ids) += 4.f;
mid = mass(span) > (min_mass + 2 * mass_range / 3);
ids = (is3D) ? ids_from_3D(pos, 0, 0 + frame_count / 150.f, 0, mid)
: ids_from_pos(pos);
// ids = (is3D)? ids_from_3D(pos, 0, 0, 0, mid) : ids_from_pos(pos);
// //uncomment for no 3d rotation
image(ids) += 4.f;
ids = (is3D) ? ids_from_3D(pos, 0, 0 + frame_count / 150.f, 0)
: ids_from_pos(pos);
// ids = (is3D)? ids_from_3D(pos, 0, 0, 0) : ids_from_pos(pos);
// //uncomment for no 3d rotation
image(ids) += 4.f;
image = convolve(image, draw_kernel);
myWindow.image(image);
image = af::constant(0, image.dims());
frame_count++;
// Generate a random starting state
if (frame_count % reset == 0) {
initial_conditions_galaxy(mass, pos, vels, forces);
}
// simulate
simulate(mass, pos, vels, forces, dt);
// check for collisions and adjust positions/velocities accordingly
collisions(pos, vels, is3D);
}
} catch (af::exception &e) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", e.what());
throw;
}
return 0;
}
arrayfire.h
af::Window
Window object to render af::arrays.
Definition graphics.h:37
af::array
A multi dimensional data container.
Definition array.h:37
af::array::dims
dim4 dims() const
Get dimensions of the array.
af::array::as
const array as(dtype type) const
Casts the array into another data type.
af::array::eval
void eval() const
Evaluate any JIT expressions to generate data for the array.
af::dim4
Generic object that represents size and shape.
Definition dim4.hpp:26
af::exception
An ArrayFire exception class.
Definition exception.h:22
af::exception::what
virtual const char * what() const
Returns an error message for the exception in a string format.
Definition exception.h:46
af::seq
seq is used to create sequences for indexing af::array
Definition seq.h:46
u32
@ u32
32-bit unsigned integral values
Definition defines.h:217
AF_COLORMAP_HEAT
@ AF_COLORMAP_HEAT
Heat map.
Definition defines.h:460
af::cos
array cos(const array &in)
C++ Interface to evaluate the cosine function.
af::sin
array sin(const array &in)
C++ Interface to evaluate the sine function.
af::sqrt
array sqrt(const array &in)
C++ Interface to evaluate the square root.
af::matmul
AFAPI array matmul(const array &lhs, const array &rhs, const matProp optLhs=AF_MAT_NONE, const matProp optRhs=AF_MAT_NONE)
C++ Interface to multiply two matrices.
af::transpose
AFAPI array transpose(const array &in, const bool conjugate=false)
C++ Interface to transpose a matrix.
af::constant
array constant(T val, const dim4 &dims, const dtype ty=(af_dtype) dtype_traits< T >::ctype)
C++ Interface to generate an array with elements set to a specified value.
af::info
AFAPI void info()
af::gaussianKernel
AFAPI array gaussianKernel(const int rows, const int cols, const double sig_r=0, const double sig_c=0)
C++ Interface for generating gausian kernels.
af::tile
AFAPI array tile(const array &in, const unsigned x, const unsigned y=1, const unsigned z=1, const unsigned w=1)
C++ Interface to generate a tiled array.
af::randn
AFAPI array randn(const dim4 &dims, const dtype ty, randomEngine &r)
C++ Interface to create an array of random numbers normally distributed.
af::randu
AFAPI array randu(const dim4 &dims, const dtype ty, randomEngine &r)
C++ Interface to create an array of random numbers uniformly distributed.
af::max
AFAPI array max(const array &in, const int dim=-1)
C++ Interface to return the maximum along a given dimension.
af::min
AFAPI array min(const array &in, const int dim=-1)
C++ Interface to return the minimum along a given dimension.
af::convolve
AFAPI array convolve(const array &signal, const array &filter, const convMode mode=AF_CONV_DEFAULT, const convDomain domain=AF_CONV_AUTO)
C++ Interface for convolution any(one through three) dimensional signals.
af
Definition algorithm.h:15
af::filter
AFAPI array filter(const array &image, const array &kernel)
Image Filtering.
af::timer
Internal timer object.
Definition timing.h:29
af::timer::start
static AFAPI timer start()
af::timer::stop
static AFAPI double stop()